Pollution To The Land Caused By Lithium Battery Production

Does cell chemistry affect the per kWh cost of lithium-ion batteries?

The process-based cost model we construct for cylindrical lithium-ion cells shows that the cell chemistry has a significant impact on the per kWh cost of the batteries. For LMO batteries, with a low specific energy, the cylindrical cell format is too small and does not allow for the electrode thickness to increase sufficiently.

Do material prices affect the cost structure of a lithium-ion battery cell?

By discussing different cell cost impacts, our study supports the understanding of the cost structure of a lithium-ion battery cell and confirms the model's applicability. Based on our calculation, we also identify the material prices as a crucial cost factor, posing a major share of the overall cell cost.

What is a process-based cost model for cylindrical lithium-ion cells?

We model the cell cost using a process-based cost model (PBCM) for each of the steps involved in manufacturing cylindrical lithium-ion cells. This method has been applied to numerous industries, but it originated with the electronics industry, where design for manufacturing is a keyconcern [10 12]. Sakti et al. also applied this

What are the models of the production costs of lithium-ion batteries?

Because of the significance of manufacturing costs, models of the production costs of lithium-ion batteries have been developed. The most notable model is the BatPaC model developed by Argonne National Lab, .

Are cylindrical cells cheaper than prismatic Li-ion cells?

No published manufacturing models compare cylindrical to prismatic li-ion cell cost. We present a process based cost model for specified cylindrical cell dimensions. Economies of scale already reached in cylindrical cell manufacturing. Larger cells or cells with thicker electrodes offer a lower cost per kWh.

How does lithium affect the cost of NMC & NCA cylindrical cells?

Like prismatic cells, lithium prices play a small role in the cost of NMC and NCA cylindrical cells. A more than 200% increase in the price of lithium carbonate leads to a less than 10% increase in the cost per kWh for each of the cell configurations considered. Cell hardware is a significant contributor to the overall material cost per kWh.