Are there subsidies for energy storage projects in the United States

The most obvious subsidies are the direct expenditures and R&D support from the federal budget. Tax expenditure subsidies are targeted tax incentives that producers or consumers of specific forms of energy receive. In this case, the government does not spend money, but it loses revenue that it would have otherwise received.

Approximately 16 states have adopted some form of energy storage policy, which broadly fall into the following categories: procurement targets, regulatory adaption, demonstration programs, financial incentives, and consumer protections. Below we give an overview of each of these energy storage policy categories.

Tax expenditure subsidies are targeted tax incentives that producers or consumers of specific forms of energy receive. In this case, the government does not spend money, but it loses revenue that it would have otherwise received. Federal government fiscal years begin on October 1 of the preceding calendar year and end on September 30.

We performed our first federal energy subsidies study at Congress's request in FY 1992, based on the requirements published in the House Committee on Appropriations' report on our FY 1992 appropriations. The most obvious subsidies are the direct expenditures and R&D support from the federal budget.

In 2022, Maryland became the first state to offer state income tax credit for energy storage that provides up to $5,000 for residential customers and up to $75,000 for commercial and industrial customers, subject to a program total of $750,000 per year.

Energy intensity in residential buildings is projected to decline 16 - 18% overall between 2020 and 2035. The share of clean electricity generation is poised to increase significantly. Clean generation is projected to reach 71 - 79% in 2030 and 79 - 88% in 2035, compared to about 40% today.